EIN for Freelancers: Do You Need One and How to Get It

An Employer Identification Number (EIN) is a nine-digit number the IRS assigns to businesses, functioning like a Social Security number for your business. Despite the name, you don't need actual employees to get one.

Do you actually need one?

A sole proprietor with no employees can legally use their Social Security number for tax filing instead of an EIN. But most freelancers get one anyway for a simple reason: clients often request a completed Form W-9 before paying you, and that form asks for a taxpayer ID — an EIN lets you provide that without handing your personal SSN to every client you work with.

If you've formed an LLC, an EIN becomes effectively required in practice, since virtually every bank requires one to open a business account.

How to get one — for free

1. Go directly to IRS.gov and search "Apply for an EIN Online" — this is the only official, free source.
2. Complete the online application (available during specific hours on business days) — it takes about 10-15 minutes.
3. You'll receive your EIN immediately upon completion, with a confirmation letter (CP 575) available to download.

Using your EIN

Once issued, use your EIN on: Form W-9s you provide to clients, your business bank account application, any business licenses or permits, and (if applicable) payroll if you elect S-Corp status. Keep the confirmation letter somewhere safe — you'll need the exact EIN for many of these processes going forward.

Frequently asked questions